UNKNOWN TEXAS BLACK HISTORY

BLACK TEXAS LEGISLATORS OF THE 1800s
Source: THE HANDBOOK OF TEXAS ONLINE
http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/browse/wo.html

(Edited by Eddie Griffin, Crossroads Research)

BLACK SENATORS OF TEXAS (Before 1900)

RUBY, GEORGE THOMPSON (1841-1882). George Thompson Ruby, politician, was born in New York in 1841, the son of Ebenezer and Jemima Ruby. He was a free-born black, probably a mulatto. His family moved to Portland , Maine , while he was very young. After acquiring a sound liberal arts education there, he journeyed to Haiti, where he worked as a correspondent for the Pine and Palm, a New England newspaper edited by James Redpath. Ruby's job was to send information about Haiti to the United States for black Americans seeking freedom from slavery and racial strife.

[Editor’s Note: Many free blacks in the Northeast were disgruntled by discrimination. Haiti, being a free and independent black nation, appealed to skilled African-Americans to migrate and settle there. George Ruby never knew slavery. He grew up free and literate. He migrated to Haiti and worked as a newspaper reporter until the winding down of the Civil War. By 1864, Louisiana was mostly under Union control.]

He returned to the United States and settled in 1864 in Louisiana, where he was later employed as a schoolteacher. He left Louisiana in September 1866 after being beaten by a white mob while trying to establish a common school at Jacksboro. He joined the Freedmen's Bureau at Galveston, began administering the bureau's schools, served as a correspondent for the New Orleans Tribune, and taught school at the Methodist Episcopal Church of Galveston at a salary of $100 a month. He later began publication of the short-lived Galveston Standard. Upon leaving Galveston he became a traveling agent for the bureau, a position in which he visited Washington , Austin , Bastrop , Fort Bend , and other counties, with the purpose of establishing chapters of the Union League, as well as temperance societies.

[Editor’s Note: The Union League, also known as the Loyal Union League, Union Loyal League, and Loyal League, was a secret organization formed in the North in 1863 to bolster northern morale and support the policies of President Abraham Lincoln. Texas Unionists in exile formed a chapter at New Orleans before the end of the Civil War…

The Union League, also known as the Loyal Union League, Union Loyal League, and Loyal League, was a secret organization formed in the North in 1863 to bolster northern morale and support the policies of President Abraham Lincoln. Texas Unionists in exile formed a chapter at New Orleans before the end of the Civil War… Returning exiles brought the league to Texas with them in the summer of 1865. They joined with local Unionists to form local league councils. The first known council was the Loyal Union Association of Galveston , headed by Colbert Caldwell of Navasota . The association's purpose was political, and its members pledged to vote for no one who had freely supported the Confederacy and to support only Union men for public office. In the election of 1866 the Union League supported gubernatorial candidate Elisha M. Pease against the Democratic candidate, James W. Throckmorton.

In 1867 the newly established Republican Party of Texas used the league to organize and mobilize black voters enfranchised under the provisions of congressional Reconstruction. … After Gen. Philip H. Sheridan removed Throckmorton from the office of governor on July 30, 1867, and replaced him with Pease, local league councils also became clearinghouses for identifying men for appointments to political office by the military. During the Constitutional Convention of 1868-69 rival factions of white Republicans within the convention struggled for control of the league. The league controlled black votes, and control over the league ensured power in the state… Union League convention at Austin on June 25, 1868, the followers of Davis and Morgan Hamilton gained control of the league when they elected a black man from Galveston , George T. Ruby, as its first state president. Ruby, an educated northern black, pushed for immediate steps to end racial violence in the state and opposed the enfranchisement of former Confederates. As the leading black spokesman in Texas , he remained influential in Republican Party politics throughout Reconstruction because of his power within the league, and lent important political strength to Edmund J. Davis.

The league's most important political action took place in 1869, when its leaders influenced the administration of President Ulysses S. Grant to throw his support to Davis in his race against A. J. Hamilton for governor.]

Ruby served in the capacity of a traveling agent until October 1867. In 1869 he was appointed deputy collector of customs at Galveston , a position in which he was an important patronage broker…. Even though he relinquished his position with the Freedmen's Bureau, he still was affiliated with the Union League and became president of that organization in 1868. It was the league more than anything else that enabled Ruby to rise within the ranks of the Republican Party, for through this organization he influenced the large black constituency of the party. Consequently, Ruby was elected delegate to the national Republican convention in 1868; he was the only black in the Texas delegation. In that same year, he also was elected a delegate to the state Constitutional Convention of 1868-69.

In the election of 1869, when many whites decided not to go to the polls, Ruby was elected to the state Senate from the predominantly white Twelfth District. As senator, he became one of the most influential men of the Twelfth and Thirteenth legislatures. The committees to which he was appointed-judiciary, militia, education, and state affairs-performed 75 percent of the work of the Senate during the Twelfth Legislature. In the Senate, Ruby introduced successful bills to incorporate the Galveston and El Paso , the Galveston , Harrisburg and San Antonio , and the Galveston , Houston and Tyler railroads, the Harbor Trust Company, and a number of insurance companies, and to provide for the geological and agricultural survey of the state. He also worked with organized labor. Before the Civil War, whites had dominated work on the docks of Galveston , but after 1870 the situation changed, partly because of Ruby's organizing the first Labor Union of Colored Men at Galveston.

Ruby chose not to seek reelection in 1873 because the Democrats had achieved a majority in the Senate. He saw the power of the Radical Republicans declining and moved back to Louisiana , where he considered the situation more hopeful. In New Orleans he became clerk of the surveyor for the Port of New Orleans and worked with the internal revenue department. In the late 1870s he strongly supported the Exoduster movement, a popular, unorganized migration of more than 20,000 blacks from Tennessee , Mississippi , Louisiana , and Texas to the Kansas frontier, a move encouraged by heightened racial violence in the South. From 1877 to 1882 Ruby edited a newspaper for blacks, the New Orleans Observer.

When he first came to Texas , he was known as a militant black carpetbagger. However, his personal qualities of tact and diplomacy, as well as his education, softened the reactions of his political opponents. On the other hand, he made many whites uncomfortable when he married a mulatto, named Lucy, whom many mistook for white. One historian judges Ruby "the most important black politician in Texas during Reconstruction in terms of power and ability." Ruby died of malaria in New Orleans on October 31, 1882.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Carl H. Moneyhon, "George T. Ruby and the Politics of Expediency in Texas ," in Southern Black Leaders in the Reconstruction Era, ed. Howard N. Rabinowitz (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982). James Smallwood, "G. T. Ruby: Galveston 's Black Carpetbagger in Reconstruction Texas ," Houston Review 5 (1983). Randall B. Woods, "George T. Ruby: A Black Militant in the White Business Community," Red River Valley Historical Review 1 (1974).

GAINES, MATTHEW (1840-1900). Matthew Gaines, black senator and Baptist preacher, was born on August 4, 1840, to a slave mother on the plantation of Martin G. Despallier in Pineville, near Alexandria , Louisiana. He learned to read by candlelight from books smuggled to him by a white boy who lived on the same plantation. Gaines escaped to freedom twice but each time was caught and returned to slavery. His first escape came after 1850, when he was sold to a man from Louisiana and was subsequently hired out as a laborer on a steamboat. Using a false pass, he escaped to Camden , Arkansas . He left Arkansas six months afterwards and made his way to New Orleans , where he was caught and brought back to his master. Later, Gaines was sold to a Texas planter from Robertson County , and in 1863 he made another escape attempt. His destination was Mexico , but he made it only as far as Fort McKavett in Menard County before being caught by the Texas Rangers. He was taken back to Fredericksburg and remained in that area until the end of the Civil War. During his tenure as a slave in Fredericksburg , Gaines worked as a blacksmith and a sheepherder. After Emancipation Gaines settled in Burton , Washington County, where he soon established himself as a leader of the black community, both as a minister and a politician. During Reconstruction he was elected as a senator to represent the Sixteenth District in the Texas legislature.

Gaines was a vigilant guardian of the rights and interests of African Americans. Among the many issues he addressed were education, prison reform, the protection of blacks at the polls, the election of blacks to public office, and tenant-farming reform. To encourage educational and religious groups to work toward educational improvement in their communities, Gaines sponsored a bill that called for exempting such organizations from taxation. Buildings and equipment used for charitable or literary associations were also exempted; the bill became law on June 12, 1871. Gaines was also responsible for the passage of a bill authorizing his district to levy a special tax for construction of a new jail. His concern for prison reform stemmed from his concern for the protection of blacks from mob violence. In keeping with this belief, Gaines waged an unrelenting war in the Senate for the passage of the Militia Bill. It was Gaines's feeling that if blacks were protected (via the Militia Bill) in the exercising of the Fifteenth Amendment, they could make a difference at the polls. Hence, after the successful passage of the Militia Bill, Gaines made a concerted, but unsuccessful, effort to drum up support to elect a black Texan to the United States House of Representatives. Gaines was very sympathetic to the plight of the black masses. He was one of the few blacks who served in the legislature from 1870 to 1900 to voice an opinion in opposition to the Landlord and Tenant Act of 1872. As such, he proposed a law (which failed) to give the tenant the first lien on the crop.

Gaines was elected to a six-year term to the Senate, but served only four years because his seat was challenged when he was convicted on the charge of bigamy in 1873, and he subsequently relinquished his post. The charge was overturned on appeal, and he was reelected, but the Democratic and white majority seated his opponent. Gaines continued to be active in politics and made his political views known in conventions, public gatherings, and from his pulpit. He died in Giddings , Texas , on June 11, 1900.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Alwyn Barr and Robert A. Calvert, eds., Black Leaders: Texans for Their Times (Austin: Texas State Historical Association, 1981).

BLACK REPRESENTATIVES OF TEXAS (Before 1900)

ALLEN, RICHARD (1830-1909). Richard Allen, political and civic leader, was born a slave in Richmond , Virginia , on June 10, 1830. He was brought to Texas in 1837 and ultimately to Harris County , where he was owned by J. J. Cain until emancipation in 1865. While a slave he earned a reputation as a skilled carpenter; he is credited with designing and building the mansion of Houston mayor Joseph R. Morris. After emancipation Allen became a contractor and bridge builder and at times a commission agent and saloon owner. The first bridge built across Buffalo Bayou is his work. Although he was without a formal education, he became literate by 1870. Allen entered politics as a federal voter registrar in 1867. In 1868 he served as an agent of the Freedmen's Bureau and as the supervisor of voter registration for the Fourteenth District of Texas. He also participated in the organization of the Republican Party in Harris County . After assuming an active role in the Radical Republican meeting that nominated Edmund J. Davis for governor in 1869, Allen was elected to the Twelfth Legislature that November and became one of the first and most active black legislators. As a representative of the Fourteenth District, which included Harris and Montgomery counties, he advocated general measures for education, law enforcement, and civil rights. In 1870 he unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for United States Congress. In 1871 the Union League, which supported the Republican Party, made him one of its vice presidents. Allen apparently was reelected to the legislature in 1873, but the House seated his Democratic opponent, who contested the election. Allen remained a leader of the Republican Party in Houston , at state conventions, and as a delegate to national conventions through 1896. He was elected street commissioner in Houston as an independent candidate in January 1878 and served for one term. Later that year the conservative wing of the Republican Party nominated him for lieutenant governor, thereby making him the first black to seek statewide office in Texas . Allen served as quartermaster for the black regiment of Texas militia in 1881-82, and from 1882 to 1885 he acted as storekeeper and then inspector and deputy collector of United States customs at Houston .

As a political leader Allen occasionally took unpopular positions. In 1879 he broke with most other black leaders in Texas and became a spokesman for the short-lived Exodus Movement, which told blacks that they would never enjoy educational or economic opportunity in Texas and therefore should move to Kansas . As customs collector Allen became involved in the labor dispute that occurred at the port of Houston in 1890. He defied white labor leaders but urged black workers to remain peaceful during the protests. In 1872 and 1879 he served as a delegate to the National Colored Men's Convention. He acted as a vice president in 1873 and as chairman in 1879 of black state conventions that voiced African Americans concerns about civil rights, education, and economic issues. When the Prince Hall Masons organized in Texas , Allen presided over the meeting at Brenham in 1875. Two years later he became the state's grand master. In Houston he led emancipation celebrations, promoted a park, and served as the superintendent of the Sunday school at Antioch Baptist Church . He also sat on the board of directors of Gregory Institute, Houston 's first black secondary school. He married a woman named Nancy soon after emancipation. They had one son and four daughters. Allen died on May 16, 1909, in Houston and was buried in the city cemetery.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: J. Mason Brewer, Negro Legislators of Texas and Their Descendants (Dallas: Mathis, 1935; 2d ed., Austin: Jenkins, 1970). Merline Pitre, Through Many Dangers, Toils and Snares: The Black Leadership of Texas , 1868-1900 (Austin: Eakin, 1985).

BURLEY, D. W. (ca. 1844-?). D. W. Burley, who represented Robertson , Leon , and Freestone counties in the Twelfth Texas Legislature, was born in Virginia around 1844. He was a free black before the end of slavery and in 1864 was a captain in a battalion of black soldiers that defended St. Louis from Confederate raiders. He arrived in Texas in 1865 and later organized a debating society for blacks. He won election to the Texas House of Representatives in 1870 and was one of twelve black legislators to serve in that body. Burley was a Radical Republican, but he displeased some other radicals when he supported an effort to subsidize the Southern Pacific Railroad. He served only one term.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Alwyn Barr, "Black Legislators of Reconstruction Texas ," Civil War History 32 (December 1986).

COTTON, GILES (ca. 1814-?). Giles (Jiles) Cotton, former slave and member of the Texas legislature, was born around 1814 in South Carolina . He may have been the son of a white plantation overseer and a slave mother. He arrived in Texas around 1852 and became a favored slave of Logan Stroud of Limestone County. He worked as a teamster transporting goods from the port of Galveston to the Limestone area. Sometime after emancipation he moved to the area of Calvert in Robertson County , where he worked as a farmer. Voters from Robertson , Leon , and Freestone counties elected him to the Texas House of Representatives in 1870. Although he reportedly missed many sessions of the Twelfth Legislature, he served on the Agriculture and Stock Raising Committee and supported legislation that made Calvert the Robertson County seat. The United States census for 1870 reported that Cotton and his wife, Rachel, could neither read nor write and lived with their seven children. Cotton apparently died before 1880.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: J. Mason Brewer, Negro Legislators of Texas and Their Descendants (Dallas: Mathis, 1935; 2d ed., Austin: Jenkins, 1970). Walter F. Cotton, History of Negroes of Limestone County from 1860 to 1939 (Mexia, Texas: Chatman and Merriwether, 1939). Doris Hollis Pemberton, Juneteenth at Comanche Crossing (Austin: Eakin Press, 1983). Merline Pitre, Through Many Dangers, Toils and Snares: The Black Leadership of Texas , 1868-1900 (Austin: Eakin, 1985).

DUPREE, J. GOLDSTEEN (?-1873). J. Goldsteen Dupree, who represented Montgomery and Harris counties in the Twelfth Legislature in 1870, was probably born in Texas between 1822 and 1846. He was residing in Montgomery County when voters from the Fourteenth District elected him to the House of Representatives. He served on the State Affairs and the Public Buildings and Grounds committees and was one of twelve blacks in the House. Dupree, who only served a single term, became involved in a controversy over voter fraud after his term expired. He appeared before a legislative investigating committee and helped unseat two black legislators, Richard Allen and E. H. Anderson, by testifying that nonresidents of Harris and Montgomery counties had voted in the election of 1872. His critics charged that he had received money to testify against the two contested legislators. Dupree allegedly died at the hands of white vigilantes who opposed his campaigning for Governor Edmund J. Davis's reelection in 1873.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Alwyn Barr, "Black Legislators of Reconstruction Texas ," Civil War History 32 (December 1986).

HAMILTON, JEREMIAH J. (1838-1905?). Jeremiah Hamilton, a black political and civic leader, was born in July 1838 in Tennessee . He arrived in Texas as a slave in 1847. After emancipation he married a woman named Ellen in 1867, and they had seven children, of whom five survived. Hamilton lived in Bastrop County and became a spokesman for black workers as early as 1866. He acquired land in the county and served as a land trustee for blacks. He had become literate even as a slave and established an early school for African Americans after the Civil War. In 1866 he served as a secretary for the Texas State Central Committee of Colored Men, which opposed white paternalism and worked with the Freedmen's Bureau. He was selected for the board that registered voters in Bastrop County during 1867. Thereafter he ran successfully in 1869 for the Texas House of Representatives in the Twelfth Legislature as a Republican. As a legislator he generally favored bills to advance law enforcement, education, and civil rights.

After his legislative term Hamilton remained in Austin , where he worked primarily as a carpenter. His greatest achievement as a craftsman came with the construction of an unusual triangular house, which still stands in Symphony Square. In part because of health problems, he turned to the newspaper business; he was owner and editor of the Austin Citizen in the mid-1880s and the National Union in the early 1890s, and in 1903 was an agent for the Austin Watchman. All three papers circulated primarily in the black community.

Hamilton also remained active as a leader in political and civic affairs. He served as one of the vice presidents at the state Republican convention in 1876 and as one of the secretaries for the party convention in 1878. When the first Colored Men's State Convention met in 1873, he was a member of the committees on credentials and address. He became a delegate to black state and national conventions in 1883. At a similar state meeting in 1884 he served on several committees and gave the opening address. He appeared for the last time in a leadership role as a member of two committees during the black state convention of 1891. Hamilton apparently died early in the twentieth century, for his name disappeared from the Austin city directories after 1905.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Virginia Erickson and Sue Brandt McBee, Austin: The Past Still Present (Austin Heritage Society, 1975). Washington , D.C. , New Era, June 16, 1870. E. W. Winkler, Platforms of Political Parties in Texas (Austin: University of Texas, 1916).

KENDALL, MITCHELL (ca. 1822-ca. 1885). Mitchell Kendall (Kendal), political leader in Marshall , Texas , was born a slave around 1822 in Georgia . He served as a voter registrar in 1867 and 1868 in Harrison County , where the population was predominantly black. He was a blacksmith and owned property valued at $2,400 when he won election as a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1868-69. At the convention, as a member of the Public Lands Committee, he voted to divide Texas into three states and signed the constitution produced by the convention. After Kendall's nomination by the Union League in Harrison County, he won a seat in the Texas House of Representatives, where he was one of fourteen blacks who helped give the Republican Party a working majority in the Twelfth Legislature. He served on the Counties and County Boundaries Committee and was a member of the Radical Republican Association, organized to sustain vetoes by Governor Edmund J. Davis. He broke with the association when he supported railroad developmental laws despite opposition from Davis. The 1880 federal census reported that Kendall lived with his wife, Adeline, and his five children. He died before June 20, 1885, and was buried in the Old Powder Mill Cemetery in Marshall .

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Alwyn Barr, "Black Legislators of Reconstruction Texas ," Civil War History 32 (December 1986). J. Mason Brewer, Negro Legislators of Texas and Their Descendants (Dallas: Mathis, 1935; 2d ed., Austin: Jenkins, 1970). Randolph B. Campbell, A Southern Community in Crisis: Harrison County , Texas , 1850-1880 (Austin: Texas State Historical Association, 1983). Merline Pitre, Through Many Dangers, Toils and Snares: The Black Leadership of Texas , 1868-1900 ( Austin : Eakin, 1985

MEDLOCK, DAVID (ca. 1824-?). David Medlock, who represented Limestone, Falls, and McLennan counties in the Twelfth Texas Legislature, was born in Georgia around 1824 and moved to Texas about 1846. A slave preacher and farmer, Medlock was owned by Limestone County plantation operator Logan Stroud until the end of slavery. During Reconstruction Medlock won election to the Texas House of Representatives for the Twelfth Legislature, which met in 1870, and served on the Federal Relations Committee. He sponsored a bill that incorporated his hometown, Springfield , and sought the return of taxes to Limestone County for the building of a jail. He also joined the Radical Republican Association, organized to support Governor Edmund J. Davis's vetoes of railroad development bills. According to the 1870 federal census, Medlock was married to a woman named Eloy and was the father of eight children. He was classified as a laborer and owned property valued at about $280.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Alwyn Barr, "Black Legislators of Reconstruction Texas ," Civil War History 32 (December 1986). Doris Hollis Pemberton, Juneteenth at Comanche Crossing (Austin: Eakin Press, 1983). Merline Pitre, Through Many Dangers, Toils and Snares: The Black Leadership of Texas , 1868-1900 (Austin: Eakin, 1985).

MITCHELL, JOHN (1837-1921). John Mitchell, politician from Burleson County , was born a slave in April 1837 in Tennessee . He arrived in Texas in 1846. He was a farmer, and his property holdings, valued at $3,750, made him the wealthiest black member of the Twelfth Legislature, which met in 1870. Mitchell represented Burleson, Brazos , and Milam counties in the Texas House of Representatives and sat on the Public Land Committee. He joined the Radical Republican Association, organized to uphold Governor Edmund J. Davis's vetoes of railroad-development bills during the Twelfth Legislature. Mitchell represented Burleson and Washington counties in the Fourteenth Legislature in 1873, when he was a member of the Penitentiary Committee. He was one of five black delegates elected to the Constitutional Convention of 1875. He ran for a seat in the United States House of Representatives as a member of the Greenback Party in 1878 but was defeated. Mitchell and his wife, Viney, had five children who survived to adulthood. Mitchell died on April 10, 1921, at his Burleson County farm.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Alwyn Barr, "Black Legislators of Reconstruction Texas ," Civil War History 32 (December 1986). J. Mason Brewer, Negro Legislators of Texas and Their Descendants (Dallas: Mathis, 1935; 2d ed., Austin: Jenkins, 1970). Merline Pitre, Through Many Dangers, Toils and Snares: The Black Leadership of Texas , 1868-1900 (Austin: Eakin, 1985).

MOORE, HENRY (ca. 1810-?). Henry Moore, politician, was born a slave in Alabama around 1810. He may have purchased his freedom before he arrived in Texas about 1842. He was a farmer when he was elected to the Twelfth and Thirteenth legislatures in predominantly black Harrison County. During the Twelfth Legislature (1870) Moore served on the Militia Committee in the House of Representatives and displayed an interest in public school legislation. In the Thirteenth Legislature (1873) he sat on the Roads, Bridges, and Ferries Committee and supported legislation to establish the Hallsville Masonic Institute of Harrison County. Moore lost an election for the state Senate in 1880. He had a wife named Harriet and three daughters in 1870. The 1880 federal census reported Moore 's occupation as gardener. He does not appear on census reports for Harrison County after 1880.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Alwyn Barr, "Black Legislators of Reconstruction Texas ," Civil War History 32 (December 1986). J. Mason Brewer, Negro Legislators of Texas and Their Descendants (Dallas: Mathis, 1935; 2d ed., Austin: Jenkins, 1970). Randolph B. Campbell, A Southern Community in Crisis: Harrison County , Texas , 1850-1880 (Austin: Texas State Historical Association, 1983). Merline Pitre, Through Many Dangers, Toils and Snares: The Black Leadership of Texas , 1868-1900 (Austin: Eakin, 1985).

MULLENS, SHEPHERD (ca. 1828-1871). Shepherd (Shepart, Sheppard) Mullens, black political leader, was born a slave in Lawrence County , Alabama , in 1828 or 1829. He arrived in Texas , still a bondsman, during 1854. Between 1865 and 1870 he acquired several lots in Waco and other pieces of land in McLennan County . On December 29, 1866, he married Sallie Downs. In 1867, when Congress passed the Reconstruction acts that divided most of the Confederacy into military districts, Maj. Gen. Charles Griffin, the commander of the Fifth Military District, appointed Mullens to serve on the board that registered voters in McLennan County . A few months later Mullins served on the platform committee of the first Republican Party convention in Texas. In 1868, after the death of a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1868-69, he ran successfully for election to fill the seat. In the convention he became a member of the committees on public lands, commerce, and manufactures. Generally the radical wing of the Republican Party received his support in convention votes. In 1869 Maj. Gen. Joseph J. Reynolds, then the state military commander, selected Mullens to serve a four-year term as a McLennan county commissioner.

In the factional struggles of the Republican Party before the state election of 1869, Mullens became a vice president of the convention organized by radical leader Morgan C. Hamilton. When the Twelfth Legislature was elected in 1869, Mullens campaigned for and won a place in the House of Representatives. He strongly supported Republican efforts to protect the interests of black people. Thus he favored the establishment of the Texas State Police and a militia to control violence. He also voted for a state system of education available to all citizens and joined other black legislators in unsuccessful opposition to school segregation. Republican efforts to provide frontier defense received his approval. Mullens represented his local constituents by introducing a bill to extend the city limits of Waco . Along with most other Republicans in the house, he generally supported vetoes by Governor Edmund J. Davis of costly railroad bills. Mullens died on August 7, 1871, and was buried in Waco .

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Washington , D.C. , New Era, June 16, 1870.

WILLIAMS, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (1819-?). Benjamin Franklin Williams, legislator and clergyman, was born a slave in Brunswick County , Virginia , in 1819. He was taken to South Carolina , then to Tennessee in 1830, before being brought to Colorado County , Texas , in 1859. Exactly when Williams married Caroline Williams is not certain, but they had one son, Thomas. After emancipation Williams became a traveling Methodist minister. He was the officiating minister at the Wesley Methodist Chapel in Austin when it was established in 1865; this church, according to the Galveston Daily News, forbade blacks from attending if they were not members of the Republican Party. Combining religion with politics, Williams became a militant spokesman for his race. As early as 1868 he was vice president of the Loyal Union League, and as such kept white Unionists abreast of what was happening in the black-belt area. Williams's involvement in politics won him a seat at the Constitutional Convention of 1868-69 during Reconstruction. As a delegate, Williams played an important role in this convention. He served on the Executive Committee and introduced a resolution that would require prospective doctors to be certified by a medical board. He also proposed that the constitution contain a provision banning racial segregation in all public places, and that this provision be enforced by the licensing powers of the state, the counties, and the municipalities. Despite the important role that Williams played at this convention, however, he refused to sign the constitution. He actually withdrew from the convention before it adjourned because of its failure to place a more rigid suffrage clause in the constitution. Williams was subsequently elected by Lavaca and Colorado counties to the Twelfth Legislature (1871), where he was nominated for Speaker and came in third; by Waller, Fort Bend , and Wharton counties to the Sixteenth Legislature (1879); and by Waller and Fort Bend counties to the Nineteenth Legislature (1885). Williams was one of the few black legislators who expressed an open concern for laborers, both agricultural and skilled. In the Twelfth Legislature he introduced a bill for the protection of agricultural labor, but it was tabled. After leaving public office, Williams continued in his role as an evangelist but also became a land speculator. Williams, along with other blacks, was instrumental in the settlement and development of Kendleton , Texas. The date and place of his death are not known.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Austin Statesman, January 20, 1883. J. Mason Brewer, Negro Legislators of Texas and Their Descendants (Dallas: Mathis, 1935; 2d ed., Austin: Jenkins, 1970). Daily State Journal, August 17, October 13, 1870. Journal of the Reconstruction Convention (Austin: Tracy, Siemering, 1870). James P. Newcomb Papers, Barker Texas History Center , University of Texas at Austin . Clarence Wharton, Wharton's History of Fort Bend County (San Antonio: Naylor, 1939).

WILLIAMS, RICHARD (ca. 1822-?). Richard Williams, a slave who later served in the Texas legislature, was born around 1822 in South Carolina . Williams arrived in Texas in 1856 and lived in Huntsville as a slave. He was a mechanic and minister. He was elected to the Twelfth Legislature, which met in 1870, and won a disputed election to the Texas House of Representatives for the Thirteenth Legislature in 1872. A clerical error by election officials apparently caused a delay in determining the election's outcome, and Williams did not take his seat in the Thirteenth Legislature until February 1873. He represented Walker, Grimes, and Madison counties and served on the Public Lands and Land Office Committee. He also sat on the Private Land Claims Committee in the Twelfth Legislature and joined the Radical Republican Association, organized to sustain vetoes of railroad spending bills by Governor Edmund J. Davis. In the Thirteenth Legislature Williams unsuccessfully introduced a bill to establish a normal school at Harmony in Walker County , expressed opposition to the convict lease system, and successfully sponsored a measure that authorized Walker County to levy a tax to repair the jail and courthouse. The legislature also passed Williams's bill that incorporated the Texas Wells and Irrigation Company. Williams was married and owned property valued at $1,000 in 1870.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Alwyn Barr, "Black Legislators of Reconstruction Texas ," Civil War History 32 (December 1986). J. Mason Brewer, Negro Legislators of Texas and Their Descendants (Dallas: Mathis, 1935; 2d ed., Austin: Jenkins, 1970). Merline Pitre, Through Many Dangers, Toils and Snares: The Black Leadership of Texas , 1868-1900 (Austin: Eakin, 1985).


The Civil War Archive
Union Regimental Histories
Source: http://www.civilwararchive.com/unioncol.htm
United States Colored Troops Cavalry

1st Regiment Cavalry
Organized at Camp Hamilton , Va. , December 22, 1863. Attached to Fort Monroe , Va. , Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to April, 1864. Unattached Williamsburg , Va. , Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to June, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps, Army of the James, to August, 1864. Defenses of Portsmouth Va. , District of Eastern Virginia , to May, 1865. Cavalry Brigade, 25th Corps, Dept. of Virginia and Dept. of Texas, to February, 1866.

SERVICE.--Duty at Fort Monroe and Williamsburg , Va. , until May, 1864. Reconnaissance in Kings and Queens county February, 1864. Butler 's operations on south side of James River and against Petersburg and Richmond May 4-28. Capture of Bermuda Hundred and City Point May 5. Swift Creek May 8-10. Operations against Fort Darling May 12-16. Actions at Drury's Bluff May 10-14-15 and 16. In trenches at Bermuda Hundred until June 18. Bayler's Farm June 15. Assaults on Petersburg June 16-19. Siege of Petersburg until August. Action at Deep Bottom July 27-28. Ordered to Fort Monroe August 3. Duty at Newport News and at Portsmouth and in District of Eastern Virginia until May, 1865. Cos. "E" and "I" Detached at Fort Powhatan and Harrison 's Landing August, 1864, to May, 1865. Moved to City Point , Va. , thence sailed for Texas June 10. Duty on the Rio Grande and at various points in Texas until February, 1866. Mustered out February 4, 1866.

2nd Regiment Cavalry
Organized at Fort Monroe , Va. , December 22, 1863. Attached to Fort Monroe , Va. , Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to April, 1864. Unattached Williamsburg , Va. , Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to June, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps, Army of the James, to August, 1864. Unattached 3rd Division, 18th Corps, to December, 1864. Unattached 25th Corps, Dept. of Virginia, to May, 1865. Cavalry Brigade, 25th Corps, Dept. of Virginia and Dept. of Texas, to February, 1866.

SERVICE.--Duty at Fort Monroe , Portsmouth and Williamsburg , Va. , until May, 1864. Demonstration on Portsmouth March 4-5. Action near Suffolk March 10. Reconnaissance from Portsmouth to the Blackwater April 13-15. Butler 's operations on the south side of James River and against Petersburg and Richmond May 4-28. Capture of Bermuda Hundred and City Point May 5. Swift Creek May 8-10. Operations against Fort Darling May 10-16. Actions at Drury's Bluff May 10-13-14-15 and 16. Near Drury's Bluff May 20. Duty in trenches at Bermuda Hundred until June 13. Point of Rocks June 10. Richmond Campaign June 13-July 31. Baylor's Farm June 15. Assaults on Petersburg June 16-19. Siege of Petersburg and Richmond June 16, 1864, to February 18, 1865. Duty before Petersburg until July, 1864. Moved to Deep Bottom July 25. Action at Deep Bottom July 27-28. Strawberry Plains, Deep Bottom, August 14-18. Actions at Deep Bottom September 2 and 6. Chaffin's Farm September 29-30. Darbytown Road October 7. Battle of Fair Oaks , Darbytown Road October 27-28. Near Richmond October 28-29. Duty in trenches north of James River until February, 1865. Ordered to Norfolk February 18. Duty in District of Eastern Virginia at Norfolk , Suffolk , etc., until May. Ordered to City Point , Va. ; thence sailed for Texas June 10. Duty on the Rio Grande and at various points in Texas until February, 1866. Mustered out February 12, 1866.

United States Colored Troops Artillery

2nd Regiment Light Artillery
Battery "B", 2nd Regiment Light Artillery
Organized at Fort Monroe , Va. , January 8, 1864. Attached to Fort Monroe , Va. , Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to April, 1864. Artillery, Hincks' Colored Division, 18th Corps, Army of the James, to May, 1864. Rand 's Provisional Brigade, 18th Corps, to June, 1864. Artillery Brigade, 18th Corps, June, 1864. Unattached Artillery, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to July, 1864. Defenses of Norfolk and Portsmouth , Va. , Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to May, 1865. Artillery 25th Corps and Dept. of Texas to March, 1866.

SERVICE.--Duty at Fort Monroe , Va. , until April, 1864. Butler 's operations south of James River and against Petersburg and Richmond , Va. , May 4 to June 15, 1864. Action at Wilson 's Wharf May 24. Petersburg , Va. , June 9. Before Petersburg June 15-18. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond until July 7. Ordered to Portsmouth , Va. , July 7, and duty there until May, 1865. Ordered to Texas May, 1865, and duty on the Rio Grande until March, 1866. Mustered out March 17, 1866.

United States Colored Troops Infantry

7th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Baltimore , Md. , September 26 to November 12, 1863. Duty at Camp Benedict , Md. , until March, 1864. Ordered to Portsmouth , Va. , March 4, thence to Hilton Head, S.C., March 7-10, and to Jacksonville , Fla. , March 14-15. Attached to Post of Jacksonville , Fla. , District of Florida, Dept. of the South, to July, 1864. District of Hilton Head , S.C. , Dept. of the South, July, 1864. Jacksonville , Fla. , District of Florida, Dept. of the South, to August, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 10th Corps, Army of the James, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps, to January, 1866. Dept. of Texas to October, 1866.

SERVICE.--Duty at Jacksonville , Fla. , until June, 1864. Cedar Creek April 2. Near Jacksonville May 6. Near Camp Finnegan May 25. Near Jacksonville May 28. Expedition to Camp Milton May 31-June 3. Camp Milton June 2. Moved to Hilton Head, S.C., June 27. Expedition to North Edisto River and Johns and James Islands July 2-10. Near Winter's Point July 3. King's Creek July 3. Skirmishes on James Island July 5 and 7. Burden's Causeway, Johns Island , July 9. Moved to Jacksonville July 15. Expedition to Florida & Gulf Railroad July 22-August 5. Moved to Bermuda Hundred, Va. , August 6-11. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond August, 1864, to April, 1865. Demonstration north of James River August 16-20. Russell's Mills August 16. Strawberry Plains August 16-18. Battle of Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights , September 28-30. Darbytown Road October 13. Battle of Fair Oaks October 27-28. Near Richmond October 28. In trenches before Richmond until March 27, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 27-April 9. Hatcher's Run March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Moved to Petersburg April 11, and duty there until May 24. Moved to Indianola , Texas , May 24-June 23. Duty on the Rio Grande and at various points in the Dept. of Texas , until October, 1866. Moved to Baltimore , Md. , October 14-November 4. Mustered out October 13, 1866, and discharged at Baltimore , Md. , November 15, 1866.

8th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Camp William Penn, Philadelphia , Pa. , September 22 to December 4, 1863. Left Philadelphia for Hilton Head, S.C., January 16, 1864. Attached to Howell's Brigade, District of Hilton Head, S. C,, Dept. of the South, to February, 1864. Hawley's Brigade, Seymour 's Division, District of Florida, Dept. of the South, to April, 1864. District of Florida, Dept. of the South, to August, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 10th Corps, Army of the James, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to December, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps, to April, 1865. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps, and Dept. of Texas, to November, 1865.

SERVICE.--Expedition from Hilton Head, S.C., to Jacksonville , Fla. , February 5-6, 1864. Occupation of Jacksonville February 7. Advance into Florida February 8-20. Camp Finnegan February 8. Battle of Olustee February 20. Retreat to Jacksonville and duty there until April. Moved to St. John's Bluff April 17. and duty there until August. Raid on Baldwin July 23-28. Moved to Deep Bottom, Va. , August 4-12. Action at Deep Bottom August 12. Duty at Deep Bottom and in trenches before Petersburg until September 27. Battle of Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights , September 28-30. Fort Harrison September 29. Darbytown Road October 13. Battle of Fair Oaks October 27-28. In trenches before Richmond until March 27, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Hatcher's Run March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Moved to Petersburg April 11, and duty there until May 24. Sailed from City Point for Texas May 24. Duty at Ringgold Barracks and on the Rio Grande , Texas , until November, 1865. Mustered out November 10, 1865. Moved to Philadelphia , Pa. , November 10-December 3. Discharged December 12, 1865.

9th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Camp Stanton , Md. , November 11-30, 1863. Duty at Benedict , Md. , until March, 1864. Moved to Port Royal , S.C. , March 3-7. Attached to District of Hilton Head , S.C. , Dept. of the South, to April, 1864. District of Beaufort , S.C. , Dept. of the South, to August, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 10th Corps, Army of the James, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to December, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 25th Corps, to January, 1865. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, to January, 1866. Dept. of Texas to November, 1866.

SERVICE.--Duty at Hilton Head, S.C., until April, 1864, and at Port Royal Island , S.C. , until June. Ashepoo Expedition May 24-27. Expedition to Johns and James Islands June 30-July 10. Engaged July 7 and 9. Duty at Beaufort , S.C. , until August. Moved to Bermuda Hundred, Va. , August 4-8. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond August, 1864, to April, 1865. Demonstration on north side of James River August 13-18. Skirmishes at Deep Bottom August 14-15. Russell's Mills August 16. Moved to Bermuda Hundred front August 18, thence to Petersburg August 24, and duty in trenches until September 26. Demonstration on north side of James September 26-30. Battle of Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights , September 28-30. Fort Gilmer September 29. Darbytown Road October 13. Battle of Fair Oaks October 27-28. In trenches before Richmond until April, 1865. Occupation of Richmond April 3. Duty at Richmond , Petersburg and City Point until June. Moved to Brazos Santiago , Texas , June 7-July 1, thence to Brownsville , Duty at Brownsville and on the Rio Grande , Texas , until October, 1866. Ordered to New Orleans , La. , October 2. Mustered out November 20, 1866.

10th Regiment Infantry
Organized in Virginia November 18, 1863. Attached to Drummondstown , Va. , Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , December, 1863, to April, 1864. 1st Brigade, Hincks' Colored Division, 18th Corps, Army James, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to June, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps, to July, 1864. Unattached, 18th Corps, to August, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps, to December, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, to January, 1865. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 25th Corps, January, 1865. Attached Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, to June, 1865. Dept. of Texas to May, 1866.

SERVICE.--Camp near Crany Island until January 12, 1864. Moved to Drummondstown, eastern shore of Virginia , and duty there until April. At Yorktown , Va. , until May. Butler 's operations on south side of James River and against Petersburg and Richmond May 4 to June 15. Capture of Fort Powhatan May 5. Wilson 's Wharf May 24 (Detachment). At Fort Powhatan until July 6. On Bermuda front in operations against Petersburg and Richmond until August 27. At City Point , Va. , until April 2, 1865. Moved to Bermuda Hundred, thence to Richmond April 2-3. Return to City Point April 6, and duty there until June 1. Moved to Texas , and duty at various points on the Rio Grande until May, 1866. Mustered out May 17, 1866. (A detachment at Plymouth, N. C., November 26, 1863, to April 20, 1864, participated in the siege of Plymouth April 17-20, 1864, and surrender April 20, 1864.)

19th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Camp Stanton , Md. , December 25, 1863, to January 16, 1864. Duty at Camp Stanton , Benedict , Md. , until March, 1864, and at Camp Birney until April. Attached to 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 9th Corps, Army of the Potomac , April to September, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 9th Corps, to December, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 25th Corps, to January, 1865. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, to January, 1866. Dept. of Texas, to January, 1867.

SERVICE.--Campaign from the Rapidan to the James River, Va. , May and June, 1864. Guard trains through the Wilderness. Before Petersburg , Va. , June 15.18. siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond , Va. , June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Mine Explosion, Petersburg , July 30, 1864. Weldon Railroad August 18-21. Fort Sedgwick September 28. Poplar Grove Church September 29-30. Hatcher's Run October 27-28. Actions on the Bermuda Hundred front November 17-18. Duty at Bermuda Hundred until March, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Hatcher's Run March 29-31. Assault and capture of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty at Petersburg and City Point until June. Moved to Texas June 13-July 3. Duty at Brownsville and on the Rio Grande , Texas , until January, 1867. Mustered out January 15, 1867.

20th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Riker's Island , New York Harbor, February 9, 1864. Attached to Dept. of the East to March, 1864. Defenses of New Orleans , La. , Dept. of the Gulf, to December, 1864. District of West Florida and Southern Alabama , Dept. of the Gulf, to February, 1865. Defenses of New Orleans to June, 1865, District of La-Fourche. Dept. of the Gulf, to October, 1865.

SERVICE.--Ordered to the Dept. of the Gulf March, 1864, arriving at New Orleans March 20. Moved to Port Hudson , La. , March 21 and to Pass Cavallo , Texas , April 21. In District of Carrollton , La. , June. At Plaquemine July. At Camp Parapet and Chalmette August. 1866. At Camp Parapet and in District of Carrollton until December. Ordered to West Pascagoula , Fla. , December 26. Return to New Orleans February, 1865, and duty there until June. At Nashville , Tenn. , August. Mustered out October 7, 1865.

22nd Regiment Infantry
Organized at Philadelphia , Pa. , January 10-29, 1864. Ordered to Yorktown , Va. , January, 1864. Attached to U.S. Forces, Yorktown , Va. , Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to April, 1864. 1st Brigade, Hincks' Division (Colored), 18th Corps, Army of the James, to June, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps, June, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps, to August, 1864, 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps, August, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 10th Corps, to September, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps, to December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 25th Corps, December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, and Dept. of Texas, to October, 1865.

SERVICE.--Duty near Yorktown , Va. , until May, 1864. Expedition to King and Queen County March 9-12. Butler 's operations south of James River and against Petersburg and Richmond May 4-June 15. Duty at Wilson 's Wharf, James River, protecting supply transports, then constructing works near Fort Powhatan until June. Attack on Fort Powhatan May 21. Before Petersburg June 15-18. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Deep Bottom August 24. Dutch Gap August 24. Demonstration north of the James River September 28-30. Battle of Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights , September 29-30. Fort Harrison September 29. Battle of Fair Oaks October 27-28. Chaffin's Farm November 4. In trenches before Richmond until April, 1865. Occupation of Richmond April 3. Moved to Washington , D.C. , and participated in the obsequies of President Lincoln, and afterwards to eastern shore of Maryland and along lower Potomac in pursuit of the assassins. Rejoined Corps May, 1865. Moved to Texas May 24-June 6. Duty along the Rio Grande until October, 1865. Mustered out October 16, 1865.

23rd Regiment Infantry
Organized at Camp Casey , Va. , November 23, 1863, to June 30, 1864. Attached to 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 9th Corps, Army of the Potomac , April to September, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 9th Corps, to December, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 25th Corps, December, 1865. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, and Dept. of Texas, to November, 1865.

SERVICE.--Campaign from the Rapidan to the James River, Va. , May and June, 1864. Guarding wagon trains Army of the Potomac through the Wilderness. Before Petersburg June 15-18. Siege of Petersburg and Richmond June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Mine Explosion, Petersburg , July 30, 1864. Weldon Railroad August 18-21. Fort Sedgwick September 28. Poplar Grove Church September 29-30. Boydton Plank Road , Hatcher's Run, October 27-28. Bermuda Hundred December 13. Duty on the Bermuda Hundred front until March, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Hatcher's Run March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty in Dept. of Virginia until May. Moved to Texas May-June. Duty at Brownsville and along the Rio Grande , Texas , until November. Mustered out November 30, 1865.

28th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Indianapolis , Ind. , December 24, 1863, to March 31, 1864. Left Indianapolis, Ind., for Washington, D.C., April 24, thence moved to Alexandria, Va, Attached to Defenses of Washington, D.C., 22nd Corps, April to June, 1864. White House, Va. , Abercrombie's Command, to July, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 9th Corps, Army of the Potomac , to September, 1864, 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 9th Corps, to December, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps, to April, 1865. Attached Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, to April, 1865. District of St. Mary's, 22nd Corps, to May, 1865. Dept. of Texas to November, 1865.

SERVICE.--Duty at Alexandria , Va. , until June, 1864. Moved to White House, Va. , June 2. Engaged June 21. Accompanied Gen. Sheridan's Cavalry through Chickahominy Swamps to Prince George Court House, with several skirmishes. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond July, 1864, to April, 1865. Mine Explosion, Petersburg , July 30, 1864. Weldon Railroad August 18-21. Poplar Grove Church September 29-30 and October 1. Boydton Plank Road , Hatcher's Run, October 27-28. On Bermuda front and before Richmond until April, 1865. Occupation of Richmond April 3, At City Point, Va., and St. Mary's, Md., in charge of prisoners April 6-May 12. Moved to City Point , Va. , thence to Texas June 10-July 1. Duty at Brazos Santiago and Corpus Christi , Texas , until November. Mustered out November 8, 1865.

29th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Quincy , Ill. , April 24, 1864. Ordered to Annapolis, Md., May 27, 1864, thence to Alexandria, Va. Attached to Defenses of Washington, D.C., 22nd Corps, to June, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 9th Corps, Army of the Potomac , to September, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 9th Corps, to December, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps, and Dept. of Texas, to November, 1865.
SERVICE.--Duty at Alexandria , Va. , until June 15, 1864. Moved to White House, Va., thence to Petersburg, Va. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond June 19, 1864, to April 3, 1865. Mine Explosion, Petersburg , July 30, 1864. Weldon Railroad August 18-21. Poplar Grove Church September 29-30, and October 1. Boydton Plank Road , Hatcher's Run, October 27-28. On the Bermuda Hundred front and before Richmond until April, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Duty in the Dept. of Virginia until May. Moved to Texas May and June, and duty on the Rio Grande until November. Mustered out November 6, 1865.

31st Regiment Infantry
Organized at Hart's Island , N.Y. , April 29, 1864. Attached to 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 9th Corps, Army of the Potomac , to September, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 9th Corps, to December, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps, and Dept. of Texas, to November, 1865.

SERVICE.--Campaign from the Rapidan to the James River, Va. , May-June, 1864. Guard trains of the Army of the Potomac through the Wilderness. Battles about Cold Harbor June 2-12. Before Petersburg June 15-19. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Mine Explosion, Petersburg , July 30, 1864. Weldon Railroad August 18-21. Fort Sedgwick September 28. Hatcher's Run October 27-28. On the Bermuda front until March, 1865. Moved to Hatcher's Run March 26-28. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Hatcher's Run March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty in the Dept. of Virginia until May. Moved to Texas May-June, and duty on the Rio Grande until November. Mustered out November 7, 1865.

36th Regiment Infantry
Organized February 8, 1864, from 2nd North Carolina Colored Infantry. Attached to U.S. Forces, Norfolk and Portsmouth , Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to April, 1864. District of St. Marys, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina to June, 1864. Unattached, Army of the James, to August, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps, to December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 25th Corps, December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, and Dept. of Texas, to October, 1866.

SERVICE.--Duty at Norfolk and Portsmouth , Va. , until April, 1864. At Point Lookout, Md. , District of St. Marys, guarding prisoners until July, 1864. Expedition from Point Lookout to Westmoreland County April 12-14. Expedition from Point Lookout to Rappahannock River May 11-14, and to Pope's Creek June 11-21. Moved from Point Lookout to Bermuda Hundred, Va. , July 1-3. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond , Va. ,July 3, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Battle of Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights , September 29-30. Battle of Fair Oaks October 27-28. Dutch Gap November 17. Indiantown, Sandy Creek , N. C., December 18 (Detachment). Duty north of James River before Richmond until March 27, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 27-April 9. Occupation of Richmond April 3. Duty in Dept. of Virginia until May. Moved to Texas May 24-June 6. Duty along the Rio Grande , Texas , and at various points in Texas until October, 1866. Mustered out October 28, 1866.
38th Regiment Infantry
Organized in Virginia January 23, 1864. Attached to U.S. Forces, Norfolk and Portsmouth , Va. , Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to June, 1864. Unattached, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina , to August, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps, Army of the James, to December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 25th Corps, to December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, and Dept. of Texas, to January, 1867.

SERVICE.--Duty at Norfolk and Portsmouth , Va. , until June, 1864. Operations against Petersburg , and Richmond June, 1864, to April, 1865. Battle of Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights , September 29-30. Deep Bottom October 1. Battle of Fair Oaks October 27-28. Duty in trenches north of James River before Richmond until April, 1865. Occupation of Richmond April 3, 1865. Duty in the Dept. of Virginia until May. Moved to Texas May 24-June 6. Duty at Brownsville and at various points On the Rio Grande and at Brazos Santiago , Indianola and Galveston , Texas , until January, 1867. Mustered out January 25, 1867.

41st Regiment Infantry
Organized at Camp William Penn, Philadelphia , Pa. , September 30 to December 7, 1864. Ordered to join Army of the James, in Virginia , October 18,, 1864. Attached to 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 10th Corps, to December, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 25th Corps, to January, 1865. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, January, 1865. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps, and Dept. of Texas, to December, 1865.

SERVICE.--Guard duty at Deep Bottom, Va. , until October 20, 1864. Moved to Fort Burnham on line north of James River, before Richmond , October 27. Battle of Fair Oaks October 27-28. In trenches before Richmond , and picket duty on Chaffin's Farm, until January 1, 1865. Near Fort Burnham until March 27. Moved to Hatcher's Run March 27-28. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Hatcher's Run March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Moved to Petersburg April 11, and duty there until May 25. Embarked for Texas May 25, arriving at Brazos Santiago June 3. Moved to Edenburg and guard and provost duty there until November. Consolidated to a Battalion of four Companies September 30. Mustered out at Brownsville , Texas , November 10, 1865. Disbanded at Philadelphia , Pa. , December 14, 1865.

43rd Regiment Infantry
Organized at Philadelphia , Pa. , March 12 to June 3, 1864. Moved to Annapolis , Md. , April 18. Attached to 1st Brigade, 4th Division, 9th Corps, Army of the Potomac , to September, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 9th Corps, to December, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 25th Corps, to January, 1865. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps and Dept. of Texas, to October, 1865.

SERVICE.--Campaign from the Rapidan to the James River, Va. , May-June, 1864. Guard trains of the Army of the Potomac through the Wilderness and to Petersburg . Before Petersburg June 15-19. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Mine Explosion, Petersburg , July 30, 1864. Weldon Railroad August 18-21. Poplar Grove Church September 29-30 and October 1. Boydton Plank Road , Hatcher's Run, October 27-28. On the Bermuda Hundred front and before Richmond until March, 1865. Moved to Hatcher's Run March 27-28. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Hatcher's Run March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty at Petersburg and City Point until May 30. Moved to Texas May 30-June 10. Duty on the Rio Grande opposite Mattamoras , Mexico , until October. Mustered out October 20, 1865, and discharged at Philadelphia , Pa. , November 30, 1865.

45th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Philadelphia , Pa. , June 13 to August 19, 1864. Moved to Washington , D.C. (4 Cos.), July, 1864. Attached to Provisional Brigade, Casey's Division, 22nd Corps, and garrison duty at Arlington Heights, Va. , until March, 1865. Rejoined Regiment at Chaffin's Farm, Va. , March 14, 1865. Six Companies moved to City Point , Va. , September 20, 1864. Attached to 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 10th Corps, Army of the James, to December, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps, and Dept. of Texas, to November, 1865.

SERVICE.--Demonstration on north side of the James River and battle of Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights , September 28-30, 1864. Fort Harrison September 29. Darbytown Road October 18. Battle of Fair Oaks October 27-28. In trenches before Richmond until March, 1865. Moved to Hatcher's Run March 27-28. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Hatcher's Run March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty at Petersburg and City Point until May. Moved to Texas May and June. Duty at Edinburg on Mexican Frontier until September 8, and at Brownsville , Texas , until November. Mustered out November 4, 1865.

46th Regiment Infantry
Organized from 1st Arkansas Infantry, African Descent, May 11, 1864. Attached to Post of Milliken's Bend , La. , District of Vicksburg , Miss. , to November, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division. U.S. Colored Troops, District of Vicksburg, Miss.. until January, 1865. 2nd Brigade, Post and Defenses of Memphis , Tenn. , District West Tennessee , to February, 1865. New Orleans , La. , Dept. of the Gulf, to May, 1865. Dept. of Texas, to January, 1866.

SERVICE.--Post and garrison duty at Milliken's Bend , La. , and at Haines' Bluff, Miss. , until January, 1865. Actions at Mound Plantation . Miss. , June 24 and 29, 1864. Ordered to Memphis , Tenn. , January, 1865, and garrison duty there until February, 1865. Ordered to New Orleans , La. , February 23, and duty there until May 4. Ordered to Brazos Santiago , Texas , May 4. Duty at Clarksville and Brownsville on the Rio Grande , Texas , until January, 1866. Mustered out January 30, 1866.

47th Regiment Infantry
Organized March 11, 1864, from 8th Louisiana Infantry, African Descent. Attached to 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, U.S. Colored Troops, District of Vicksburg , Miss. , to October, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 16th Corps, to November, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, U. S. Colored Troops, District of Vicksburg , Miss. , to February, 1865. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, U.S. Colored Troops, Military Division West Mississippi , to June, 1865. Dept. of the Gulf to January, 1866.
SERVICE.--Post and garrison duty at Vicksburg , Miss. , until October, 1864. Expedition from Haines Bluff up Yazoo River April 19-23. Near Mechanicsburg April 20. Lake Providence May 27. Moved to mouth of White River , Ark. , October 15. Duty there and at Vicksburg , Miss. , until February, 1865. Ordered to Algiers , La. , February 26, thence to Barrancas, Fla. March from Pensacola . Fla. , to Blakely, Ala. , March 20-April 1. Siege of Fort Blakely April 1-9. Assault and capture of Fort Blakely April 9. Occupation of Mobile April 12. March to Montgomery April 13-25. Return to Mobile and duty there until June. Moved to New Orleans , La. , thence to Texas , and duty on the Rio Grande and at various points in Texas , until January, 1866. Mustered out January 5, 1866.

48th Regiment Infantry
Organized March 11, 1864, from 10th Louisiana Infantry (African Descent). Attached to 1st Colored Brigade, District of Vicksburg , Miss. , to April, 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, United States Colored Troops, District of Vicksburg , Miss. , to February, 1865. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, United States Colored Troops, Military Division West Mississippi , to May, 1865. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, United States Colored Troops, District of West Florida, to June, 1865. Dept. of the Gulf to January, 1866.

SERVICE.--Garrison duty at Vicksburg , Miss. , until February, 1865. Expedition from Vicksburg to Rodney and Fayette September 29-October 3, 1864. Ordered to Algiers . La., February 26, 1865; thence to Barrancas, Fla. March from Pensacola, Fla., to Blakely, Ala.,March 20-April 1. Siege of Fort Blakely April 1-9. Assault and capture of Fort Blakely April 9. Occupation of Mobile April 12. March to Montgomery April 13-25. Duty there and at Mobile until June. Moved to New Orleans , La. , thence to Texas . Duty at various points on the Rio Grande until January, 1866. Mustered out January 4, 1866.

51st Regiment Infantry
Organized March 11, 1864, from 1st Mississippi Infantry (African Descent). Attached to Post of Goodrich Landing, District of Vicksburg , Miss. , to December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, United States Colored Troops, District of Vicksburg , Miss. , to February, 1865. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, Steele's Command, Military District of West Mississippi, to June, 1865. Dept. of the Gulf to June, 1866.

SERVICE.--At Lake Providence until May, 1864. Post and garrison duty at Goodrich Landing, La. , until December, 1864. Action at Langley 's Plantation , Issaqueena County , March 22, 1864. Flod , La. , July 2. Waterford August 16-17. Duty at Vicksburg , Miss. , until February, 1865. Moved to Algiers , La. , February 26; thence to Barrancas, Fla. March from Pensacola , Fla. , to Blakely, Ala. , March 20-April 1. Siege of Fort Blakely April 1-9. Assault and capture of Fort Blakely April 9. Occupation of Mobile April 12. March to Montgomery April 13-25. Duty there and at Mobile until June. Ordered to New Orleans , thence to Texas . Duty on the Rio Grande and at various points in Texas until June, 1866. Mustered out June 16, 1866.

62nd Regiment Infantry
Organized March 11, 1864, from 1st Missouri Colored Infantry. Attached to District of St. Louis, Dept. of Missouri, to March, 1864. District of Baton Rouge , La. , Dept. of the Gulf, to June, 1864. Provisional Brigade, District of Morganza, Dept. of the Gulf, to September, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, United States Colored Troops, District of Morganza, Dept. of the Gulf, to September, 1864. Port Hudson , La. , Dept. of the Gulf, to September, 1864. Brazos Santiago , Texas , to October, 1864. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, United States Colored Troops, Dept. of the Gulf, to December, 1864. Brazos Santiago , Texas , to June, 1865. Dept. of Texas to March, 1866.

SERVICE.--Ordered to Baton Rouge , La. , March 23, 1864, and duty there until June. Ordered to Morganza , La. , and duty there until September. Expedition from Morganza to Bayou Sara September 6-7. Ordered to Brazos Santiago , Texas , September, and duty there until May, 1865. Expedition from Brazos Santiago May 11-14. Action at Palmetto Ranch May 12-13, 1865. White's Ranch May 13. Last action of the war. Duty at various points in Texas until March, 1866. Ordered to St. Louis via New Orleans , La. Mustered out March 31, 1866.

68th Regiment Infantry
Organized March 11, 1864, from 4th. Missouri Colored Infantry. Attached to District of Memphis , Tenn. , 16th Corps, Dept. of the Tennessee , to June, 1864. 1st Colored Brigade, Memphis , Tenn. , District of West Tennessee , to December, 1864. Fort Pickering , Defenses of Memphis , Tenn. , District of West Tennessee , to February, 1865. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, United States Colored Troops, Military Division West Mississippi , to May, 1865. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, United States Colored Troops, District of West Florida, to June, 1865. Dept. of Texas to February, 1866.

SERVICE.--At St. Louis , Mo. , until April 27, 1864. Ordered to Memphis , Tenn. , and duty in the Defenses of that city until February, 1865. Smith's Expedition to Tupelo , Miss. , July 5-21, 1864. Camargo's Cross Roads, near Harrisburg, July 13. Tupelo July 14-15. Old Town Creek July 15. At Fort Pickering , Defenses of Memphis , Tenn. , until February, 1865. Ordered to New Orleans, La., thence to Barrancas, Fla. March from Pensacola, Fla., to Blakely, Ala., March 20-April 1. Siege of Fort Blakely April 1-9. Assault and capture of Fort Blakely April 9. Occupation of Mobile April 12. March to Montgomery April 13-25. Duty there and at Mobile until June. Moved to New Orleans , La. , thence to Texas . Duty on the Rio Grande and at various points in Texas until February, 1866. Mustered out February 5, 1866.

76th Regiment Infantry
Organized April 4, 1864, from 4th Corps de Afrique Infantry. Attached to 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, Corps de Afrique, Dept. of the Gulf, to July, 1864. Post of Port Hudson , La. , Dept. of the Gulf, to October, 1864. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, United States Colored Troops, Dept. of the Gulf, to February, 1865. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, United States Colored Troops, District of West Florida, to May, 1865. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, United States Colored Troops, District of West Florida , Dept. of the Gulf, to June, 1865. Dept. of the Gulf to December, 1865.
SERVICE.--Garrison duty at Port Hudson , La. , until February, 1865. Ordered to Algiers , La. , February 21; thence to Barrancas, Fla. March from Pensacola , Fla. , to Blakely, Ala. , March 20-April 1. Siege of Fort Blakely April 1-9. Assault and capture of Fort Blakely April 9. Occupation of Mobile April 12. March to Montgomery April 13-25. Duty there and at various points in Alabama to June, 1865. Ordered to New Orleans , La. , thence to Texas , and duty on the Rio Grande until December. Mustered out December 31, 1865.

80th Regiment Infantry
Organized April 4, 1864, from 8th Corps de Afrique Infantry. Attached to garrison at Port Hudson , La. , Dept. of the Gulf, to April, 1864. District of Bonnet Carre , La. , Dept. of the Gulf, to July, 1864. Transferred to 79th United States Colored Troops (New) July 6, 1864. Reorganized July, 1864, by consolidation of 90th, 96th and 98th United States Colored Troops. Attached to District of Bonnet Carte, Engineer Brigade, Dept. of the Gulf, to September, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, United States Colored Troops, Dept. of the Gulf, to February, 1865. District of Bonnet Carre , La. , Dept. of the Gulf, to April, 1865. Defenses of New Orleans to June, 1865. Northern District of Louisiana until January, 1866.

SERVICE.--Duty at Port Hudson , La. , until April 17, 1864, and in District of Bonnet Carre until April, 1865. Scout from Bayou Goula to Grand River January 29-February 7, 1865. At Carrollton , Camp Parapet and New Orleans until June 16. At Shreveport and Alexandria , La. , until January 1, 1866. Moved to Texas and garrison duty at various points in that State until March, 1867. Mustered out March 1, 1867.

85th Regiment Infantry
Organized April 4, 1864, from 13th Corps de Afrique Infantry. Attached to a Provisional Brigade, 13th Corps, Texas , Dept. of the Gulf, to May, 1864.

SERVICE.--Duty at Brownsville , Texas , and other points in Texas until May, 1864. Mustered out by consolidation with 77th United States Colored Troops May 24, 1864.

87th Regiment Infantry (Old)
Organized April 4, 1864, from 16th Corps de Afrique Infantry. Attached to 2nd Division, 13th Corps, to June, 1864. Colored Brigade , United States Forces, Texas, to July, 1864.

SERVICE.--Duty at Brazos Santiago , Point Isabel and Brownsville , Texas , until July, 1864. Consolidated with 95th United States Colored Troops July 6, 1864, to form new 81st United States Colored Troops. Redesignated 87th (New) December 10, 1864.

87th Regiment Infantry (New)
Organized November 26, 1864, by consolidation of 87th (Old) and 96th United States Colored Troops, Attached to United States Forces, Texas, Dept. of the Gulf, to August, 1865. Duty at Brazos Santiago and other points in Texas until August, 1865. Consolidated with 84th United States Colored Troops August 14, 1865.

95th Regiment Infantry
Organized April 4, 1864, from 1st Corps de Afrique Engineers. Attached to Engineers Brigade, 13th Corps, Dept. of the Gulf, to June, 1864. Colored Brigade , United States Forces, Texas, Dept. of the Gulf, to November, 1864.

SERVICE.--Duty at Brazos Santiago, Point Isabel, Brownsville, Arkansas Pass and other points in Texas until November, 1864. Consolidated with 87th United States Colored Troops November 26, 1864.

96th Regiment Infantry
Organized April 4, 1864, from 2nd Corps de Afrique Engineers. Attached to a Provisional Brigade, 13th Corps, Dept. of the Gulf, to June, 1864. Engineer Brigade, Dept. of the Gulf, to October, 1864. United States Forces, Mobile Bay , Dept. of the Gulf, to October, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, United States Colored Troops, Dept. of the Gulf, to November, 1864. United States Forces, Mobile Bay , Dept. of the Gulf, to December, 1864. District of Southern Alabama, Dept. of the Gulf, to March, 1865. Engineer Brigade, 13th Corps, Military Division West Mississippi , to June, 1865. Unassigned, Dept. of the Gulf, to January, 1866.

SERVICE.--Garrison at Fort Esperanza and engineer duty on Matagorda Peninsula, Texas, until May, 1864. Ordered to New Orleans , La. , May 27; thence to Port Hudson , La. , and duty there until July 27. Moved to New Orleans , thence to Mobile Bay , Ala. Siege operations against Fort Gaines and Morgan August 2-23. Duty at Mobile Point until November. At East Pascagoula until February, 1865. Campaign against Mobile and its Defenses February to April. Siege of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely March 17-April 9. Duty on the Fortifications at Mobile and at various points in the Dept. of the Gulf until January, 1866. Mustered out January 29, 1866.

97th Regiment Infantry
Organized April 4, 1864, from 3rd Corps de Afrique Engineers. Attached to Provisional Brigade, 13th Corps, Texas, Dept. of the Gulf, to February, 1864. Engineer Brigade, Dept. of the Gulf, to October, 1864. United States Forces, Mobile Bay , Dept. of the Gulf, to November, 1st Brigade, District of West Florida , to February, 1865. 3rd Brigade, District of West Florida , to March, 1865. Engineer Brigade, Military Division West Mississippi , to June, 1865. Unattached, Dept. of the Gulf, to April, 1866.

SERVICE.-- Red River Campaign to May 22, 1864. Built bridge over Red River at Grand Ecore April 12. Constructed rifle pits and Abatis about Grand Ecore April 13-19. Repair road from Grand Ecore to Cane River , and crossing over Cane River April 19-20. Lower Crossing of Cane River April 22. At Alexandria constructing works and dam April 25-May 13. Retreat to Morganza May 13-22. Marksville May 16. Operations about Yellow Bayou May 17-20. Fatigue duty at Morganza until June 20. Ordered to New Orleans , La. , June 20. Duty in District of Carrollton until August. Moved to Mobile Bay , Ala. , August 20. Duty at Mobile Point and Dauphin Island until February, 1865. In District of Florida until March, 1865. Campaign against Mobile and its Defenses March 17-April 12. Siege of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely March 26-April 9. Duty in the Fortifications of Mobile and at various points in the Dept. of the Gulf until April, 1866. Mustered out April 6, 1866.

109th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Louisville , Ky. , July 5, 1864. Attached to 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, District of Kentucky, 5th Division, 23rd Corps, Dept. of the Ohio , to October, 1864. Martindale's Provisional Brigade, 18th Corps, Army of the James, to December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps and Dept. of Texas, to March, 1866.

SERVICE.--Duty at Louisville and Louisa , Ky. , until October, 1864. Ordered to Join Army of the Potomac before Petersburg and Richmond, Va. Duty at Deep Bottom and in trenches before Richmond north of the James River until March, 1865. Actions at Fort Harrison December 10, 1864, and January 23, 1865. Moved to Hatcher's Run March 27-28. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Boydton Road , Hatcher's Run, March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty at Petersburg and City Point until May. Embarked for Texas May 25, arriving at Indianola , Texas , June 25. Duty there and on the Rio Grande , Texas , until March, 1866. Mustered out March 21, 1866.

114th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Camp Nelson , Ky. , July 4, 1864. Attached to Military District of Kentucky , Dept. of the Ohio , to January. 1865. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps, Dept. of Virginia, to April, 1865. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps and Dept. of Texas, to April, 1867.

SERVICE.--Duty at Camp Nelson and Louisa , Ky :, until January, 1865. Ordered to Dept. of Virginia January 3, 1865. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond on the Bermuda Hundred Front until March, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Hatcher's Run March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty at Petersburg and City Point until June. Moved to Texas June and July. Duty at Brownsville and other points on the Rio Grande , Texas , until April, 1867. Mustered out April 2, 1867.

115th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Bowling Green , Ky. , July 15 to October 21, 1864. Attached to 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, District of Kentucky, 5th Division, 23rd Corps, Dept. of the Ohio , to January, 1865. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps, Dept. of Virginia, to March, 1865. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps and Dept. of Texas, to February, 1866.

SERVICE.--Garrison duty at Lexington , Ky. , until December, 1864. Ordered to Virginia . Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond January to April, 1865. Occupation of Richmond April 3. Duty in the Dept. of Virginia until May. Sailed for Texas May 20. Duty in District of the Rio Grande until February, 1866. Mustered out February 10, 1866.

116th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Camp Nelson , Ky. , June 6 to July 12, 1864. Attached to Military District of Kentucky , Dept. of the Ohio , to September, 1864. Unattached, 10th Corps, Army of the James, to November, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 10th Corps, to December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps, to April, 1865. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps and Dept. of Texas, to September, 1866. Dept. of the Gulf to January, 1867.

SERVICE.--Duty at Camp Nelson until September, 1864. Defense of Camp Nelson and Hickman's Bridge against Forest 's attack. Ordered to join Army of the James in Virginia , reporting to General Butler September 27. Duty at City Point , Va. , until October. Moved to Deep Bottom October 23. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond October 23, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Operations on north side of the James River before Richmond October 27-28, 1864. Fatigue duty at Deep Bottom, Dutch Gap and in trenches before Richmond until March, 1865. Moved to Hatcher's Run March 27-28. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Boydton Road , Hatcher's Run, March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty at Petersburg until May 25. Embarked at City Point , Va. , for Texas May 25, arriving at Brazos Santiago June 22. March to White's Ranch June 24. Duty at Rome , Texas , until February, 1866. In Sub-District, Lower Rio Grande , until September, 1866, and at New Orleans , La. , until January, 1867. Mustered out at Louisville , Ky. , January 17, 1867.

117th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Covington , Ky. , July 18 to September 27, 1864. Attached to Military District of Kentucky , Dept. of the Ohio , to October, 1864. Provisional Brigade, 18th Corps, Army of the James, to December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps and Dept. of Texas, to August, 1867.

SERVICE.--Duty at Camp Nelson , Ky. , until October, 1864. Ordered to Baltimore , Md. , thence to City Point , Va. , October 21. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond until March, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Hatcher's Run March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty at Petersburg and City Point until June. Moved to Brazos Santiago , Texas , June and July. Duty at Brownsville and on the Rio Grande , Texas , until August, 1867. Mustered out August 10, 1867.

118th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Baltimore , Md. , October 19, 1864. Moved to City Point , Va. , October 26, 1864. Attached to Provisional Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Corps, Army of the James, to December, 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 25th Corps and Dept. of Texas, to February, 1866.
SERVICE.--Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond November, 1864, to April, 1865. Occupation of Richmond April 3, 1865. Duty in the Dept. of Virginia until June. Moved to Brazos Santiago , Texas , June and July. Duty at Brownsville and at various points on the Rio Grande until February, 1866. Mustered out February 6, 1866.

122nd Regiment Infantry
Organized at Louisville , Ky. , December 31, 1864. Ordered to Virginia January 12, 1865. Attached to 25th Corps, Army of the James, Unassigned, to April, 1865. Dept. of Texas to February, 1866.
SERVICE.--Duty in the Defenses of Portsmouth , Va. , until February, 1865. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond , Va. , February to April, 1865. Fall of Petersburg and Richmond April 2-3. Duty in the Dept. of Virginia until June, 1865. Moved to Brazos Santiago , Texas , June and July. Duty at Brownsville and at various points on the Rio Grande until February, 1866. Mustered out February 8, 1866.

127th Regiment Infantry
Organized at Camp William Penn, Philadelphia , Pa. , August 23 to September 10, 1864. Ordered to City Point , Va. , September, 1864. Attached to 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 10th Corps, Army of the James, to November, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 10th Corps, to December, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, 25th Corps and Dept. of Texas, to October, 1865.

SERVICE.--Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond , Va. , September, 1864, to April, 1865. Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights , September 29-30. Fort Harrison September 29. Darbytown Road October 13. Battle of Fair Oaks October 27-28. Duty in trenches north of the James River before Richmond until March, 1865. Moved to Hatcher's Run March 27-28. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Hatcher's Run March 29-31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty at Petersburg and City Point until June. Moved to Brazos Santiago , Texas , June and July. Duty at various points on the Rio Grande until October. Mustered out October 20, 1865.